Network For Inclusive Distance Education

MathML Accessibility Project

Audio Formatting Rules

Note: This is not the result of a MathML to JSML translation; All examples were coded in JSML manually. Also, this is not a presentation of user context selection - the expressions are derived making no further assumptions about the explicit MathML code.

These expressions were first created using TeX (Scientific Notebook 3.5), then converted to MathML using TtM.

• Subscripts and superscripts:
  
  <msup> m </msup>
  sup <PROS PITCH="+30%"> * </PROS>
  
  <msub> * </msub>
  sub <PROS PITCH="-30%"> * </PROS>
  
  <power/> *1 *2
  *1 raised <PROS PITCH="+30%"> *2 </PROS>
  
  <exp/> *
  raised <PROS PITCH="+30%"> * </PROS>
  
  Examples:
  
  - MathML Code - TeX - JSML Audio -
  - MathML Code - TeX - JSML Audio -

  ---

• Fractions:
  
  <mfrac> *1 *2 </mfrac>
  <apply><divide/> *1 *2 </apply>
  the fraction
  numerator <PROS PITCH="+10%" RATE="+30%"> *1 </PROS>
  denomenator <PROS PITCH="+10%" RATE="+30%"> *2 </PROS>
  
  Example:
  
  - MathML Code - TeX - JSML Audio -

  ---

• Matrices:
  
  <matrix>
  <matrixrow> *11 ... *1n </matrixrow>
  ...
  <matrixrow> *m1 ... *mn </matrixrow>
  </matrix>
  the matrix <BREAK SIZE="medium"/>
  row <PROS RATE="+20%" PITCH="+10%"> *11 <BREAK SIZE="medium"/> ... <PROS RATE="+20%" PITCH="+10%"> *1n </PROS> ... </PROS><BREAK SIZE="medium"/>
  ...
  row <PROS RATE="+20%" PITCH="+10%"> *m1 <BREAK SIZE="medium"/> ... <PROS RATE="+20%" PITCH="+10%"> *mn </PROS> ... </PROS><BREAK SIZE="medium"/>
  
  Example:
  
  - MathML Code - TeX - JSML Audio -

  ---

• Compound Expressions:
  
  <apply> <FOO/> * </apply>
  FOO of <PROS PITCH="-10%" RATE="-30%"> *</PROS>
  
  <mo>(</mo> * <mo>)</mo>
  <PROS PITCH="-10%" RATE="-30%"> * </PROS>
  
  Examples:
  
  - MathML Code - TeX - JSML Audio -
  - MathML Code - TeX - JSML Audio -

  ---

Contact Information

• Taras Kowaliw - Concept Communication Architect, Adaptive Technology Resource Centre

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The Adaptive Technology Resource Centre

J.P. Robarts Library, First Floor, University of Toronto Information Commons
130 St. George St. Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3H1
Telephone: (416) 978-4360 Fax: (416) 971-2629

For additional information please e-mail Laurie Harrison